/* * An Integrative Analysis of Cell Cycle Control in Budding Yeast * * Model Status * * This CellML version of the model has been checked in COR and * PCEnv and the model runs to replicate the results in the original * published paper. * * ValidateCellML verifies this model as valid CellML with full * unit consistency. * * Model Structure * * The mitotic cell cycle can be defined as the sequence of events * by which a somatic cell replicates all its components, and then * divides them equally between two daughter cells. The end product * is two genetically identical daughter cells. Cell division is * an essential component of the biological processes of growth, * reproduction and development. As might be expected for such * an important process, the distinct phases and events of the * cell cycle are carefully regulated by specific proteins. * * The cell cycle regulatory system is most fully understood for * budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A hypothetical molecular * mechanism, potentially underlying cell cycle control in this * organism, is outlined in below. However, these networks of interacting * proteins are so complex that the functional integration of the * network cannot be understood by intuition alone. Mathematical * models, which describe molecular interactions and reactions * with biochemical rate equations, provide an integrative framework * with which the complexities of molecular regulatory networks * can be studied. In the Chen et al. 2004 publication described * here, the authors develop a mathematical model to analyse cell * cycle control in budding yeast. Model simulations reveal that * the data generated by the model are in accord with the physiological * properties of many genetic strains of budding yeast. The mathematical * model is also useful in that it can be used to interpret existing * experimental data and help to design new experiments. * * The model has been described here in CellML (the raw CellML * description of the Chen et al. 2004 model can be downloaded * in various formats as described in ). * * The complete original paper reference is cited below: * * Integrative analysis of cell cycle control in budding yeast, * Katherine C. Chen, Laurence Calzone, Attila Csikasz-Nagy, Frederick * R. Cross, Bela Novak, and John J. Tyson, 2004, Molecular Biology * of the Cell . PubMed ID: 15169868 * * reaction diagram * * [[Image file: chen_2004.png]] * * A schematic diagram of the cell cycle control mechanism in budding * yeast. */ import nsrunit; unit conversion on; unit minute=60 second^1; unit first_order_rate_constant=.01666667 second^(-1); math main { realDomain time minute; time.min=0; extern time.max; extern time.delta; real mass(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) mass=1.206; real kg first_order_rate_constant; kg=0.007702; real Cln2(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Cln2=0.0652; real ks_n2_v1 first_order_rate_constant; ks_n2_v1=0; real ks_n2_v2 first_order_rate_constant; ks_n2_v2=0.15; real kd_n2 first_order_rate_constant; kd_n2=0.12; real SBF(time) dimensionless; real Clb5(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Clb5=0.0518; real ks_b5_v1 first_order_rate_constant; ks_b5_v1=0.0008; real ks_b5_v2 first_order_rate_constant; ks_b5_v2=0.005; real kdi_f5 first_order_rate_constant; kdi_f5=0.01; real kdi_b5 first_order_rate_constant; kdi_b5=0.06; real kas_b5 first_order_rate_constant; kas_b5=50; real kas_f5 first_order_rate_constant; kas_f5=0.01; real kd3_f6 first_order_rate_constant; kd3_f6=1; real kd3_c1 first_order_rate_constant; kd3_c1=1; real Vd_b5(time) first_order_rate_constant; real MBF(time) dimensionless; real C5P(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) C5P=0.0069; real C5(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) C5=0.0701; real F5P(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) F5P=7.9e-6; real F5(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) F5=7.2e-5; real Sic1(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Sic1=0.0229; real Cdc6(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Cdc6=0.1076; real Clb2(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Clb2=0.1469; real ks_b2_v1 first_order_rate_constant; ks_b2_v1=0.001; real ks_b2_v2 first_order_rate_constant; ks_b2_v2=0.04; real kdi_b2 first_order_rate_constant; kdi_b2=0.05; real kdi_f2 first_order_rate_constant; kdi_f2=0.5; real kas_b2 first_order_rate_constant; kas_b2=50; real kas_f2 first_order_rate_constant; kas_f2=15; real Vd_b2(time) first_order_rate_constant; real Mcm1(time) dimensionless; real C2P(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) C2P=0.024; real C2(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) C2=0.2384; real F2P(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) F2P=0.0274; real F2(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) F2=0.2361; real ks_c1_v1 first_order_rate_constant; ks_c1_v1=0.012; real ks_c1_v2 first_order_rate_constant; ks_c1_v2=0.12; real kpp_c1 first_order_rate_constant; kpp_c1=4; real Vkp_c1(time) first_order_rate_constant; real Swi5(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Swi5=0.9562; real Cdc14(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Cdc14=0.4683; real Sic1P(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Sic1P=0.0064; real ks_f6_v1 first_order_rate_constant; ks_f6_v1=0.024; real ks_f6_v2 first_order_rate_constant; ks_f6_v2=0.12; real ks_f6_v3 first_order_rate_constant; ks_f6_v3=0.004; real kpp_f6 first_order_rate_constant; kpp_f6=4; real Vkp_f6(time) first_order_rate_constant; real Cdc6P(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Cdc6P=0.0155; real Pds1(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Pds1=0.0256; real ks_pds_ first_order_rate_constant; ks_pds_=0; real ks1_pds_ first_order_rate_constant; ks1_pds_=0.03; real ks2_pds_ first_order_rate_constant; ks2_pds_=0.055; real kdi_esp first_order_rate_constant; kdi_esp=0.5; real Vd_pds(time) first_order_rate_constant; real kas_esp first_order_rate_constant; kas_esp=50; real PE(time) dimensionless; real Esp1(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Esp1=0.3013; real ORI(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) ORI=0.0009; real ks_ori first_order_rate_constant; ks_ori=2; real kd_ori first_order_rate_constant; kd_ori=0.06; real epsilon_ori_b5 dimensionless; epsilon_ori_b5=0.9; real epsilon_ori_b2 dimensionless; epsilon_ori_b2=0.45; real BUD(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) BUD=0.0085; real ks_bud first_order_rate_constant; ks_bud=0.2; real kd_bud first_order_rate_constant; kd_bud=0.06; real epsilon_bud_n2 dimensionless; epsilon_bud_n2=0.25; real epsilon_bud_n3 dimensionless; epsilon_bud_n3=0.05; real epsilon_bud_b5 dimensionless; epsilon_bud_b5=1; real Cln3(time) dimensionless; real SPN(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) SPN=0.0305; real ks_spn first_order_rate_constant; ks_spn=0.1; real kd_spn first_order_rate_constant; kd_spn=0.06; real was_Jspn dimensionless; was_Jspn=0.14; real G_sbf(time) dimensionless; real Ji_sbf dimensionless; Ji_sbf=0.01; real Ja_sbf dimensionless; Ja_sbf=0.01; real Vi_sbf(time) first_order_rate_constant; real Va_sbf(time) first_order_rate_constant; real G_mcm(time) dimensionless; real Ji_mcm dimensionless; Ji_mcm=0.1; real Ja_mcm dimensionless; Ja_mcm=0.1; real ki_mcm first_order_rate_constant; ki_mcm=0.15; real ka_mcm first_order_rate_constant; ka_mcm=1; real C0 dimensionless; C0=0.4; real Dn3 dimensionless; Dn3=1; real Jn3 dimensionless; Jn3=6; real Bck2(time) dimensionless; real B0 dimensionless; B0=0.054; real Clb5_T(time) dimensionless; real Clb2_T(time) dimensionless; real Sic1_T(time) dimensionless; real Swi5_T(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Swi5_T=0.9765; real ks_swi_v1 first_order_rate_constant; ks_swi_v1=0.005; real ks_swi_v2 first_order_rate_constant; ks_swi_v2=0.08; real kd_swi first_order_rate_constant; kd_swi=0.08; real ka_swi first_order_rate_constant; ka_swi=2; real ki_swi first_order_rate_constant; ki_swi=0.05; real APC_P(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) APC_P=0.1015; real ka_apc first_order_rate_constant; ka_apc=0.1; real ki_apc first_order_rate_constant; ki_apc=0.15; real Ja_apc dimensionless; Ja_apc=0.1; real Ji_apc dimensionless; Ji_apc=0.1; real Cdc20_T(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Cdc20_T=1.9163; real ks_20_v1 first_order_rate_constant; ks_20_v1=0.006; real ks_20_v2 first_order_rate_constant; ks_20_v2=0.6; real kd_20 first_order_rate_constant; kd_20=0.3; real Cdc20_A(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Cdc20_A=0.4443; real ka_20_v1 first_order_rate_constant; ka_20_v1=0.05; real ka_20_v2 first_order_rate_constant; ka_20_v2=0.2; real kmad2(time) first_order_rate_constant; real Cdh1_T(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Cdh1_T=1; real ks_cdh first_order_rate_constant; ks_cdh=0.01; real kd_cdh first_order_rate_constant; kd_cdh=0.01; real Cdh1(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Cdh1=0.9305; real Ja_cdh dimensionless; Ja_cdh=0.03; real Ji_cdh dimensionless; Ji_cdh=0.03; real Va_cdh(time) first_order_rate_constant; real Vi_cdh(time) first_order_rate_constant; real Tem1(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Tem1=0.9039; real kbub2(time) first_order_rate_constant; real klte1(time) first_order_rate_constant; real Ja_tem dimensionless; Ja_tem=0.1; real Ji_tem dimensionless; Ji_tem=0.1; real Tem1_T dimensionless; Tem1_T=1; real Cdc15(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Cdc15=0.6565; real ka_15_v1 first_order_rate_constant; ka_15_v1=0.002; real ka_15_v2 first_order_rate_constant; ka_15_v2=1; real ka_15_v3 first_order_rate_constant; ka_15_v3=0.001; real ki_15 first_order_rate_constant; ki_15=0.5; real Cdc15_T dimensionless; Cdc15_T=1; real Cdc14_T(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Cdc14_T=2; real ks_14 first_order_rate_constant; ks_14=0.2; real kd_14 first_order_rate_constant; kd_14=0.1; real kd_net first_order_rate_constant; kd_net=0.03; real kdi_rent first_order_rate_constant; kdi_rent=1; real kdi_rentp first_order_rate_constant; kdi_rentp=2; real kas_rent first_order_rate_constant; kas_rent=200; real kas_rentp first_order_rate_constant; kas_rentp=1; real RENT(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) RENT=1.0495; real RENTP(time) dimensionless; real Net1(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Net1=0.0186; real Net1P(time) dimensionless; real Net1_T(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) Net1_T=2.8; real ks_net first_order_rate_constant; ks_net=0.084; real Cdc6_T(time) dimensionless; real CKI_T(time) dimensionless; real Esp1_T dimensionless; Esp1_T=1; real kd_b5_v1 first_order_rate_constant; kd_b5_v1=0.01; real kd_b5_v2 first_order_rate_constant; kd_b5_v2=0.16; real kd_b2_v1 first_order_rate_constant; kd_b2_v1=0.003; real kd_b2_v2 first_order_rate_constant; kd_b2_v2=0.4; real kd_b2p first_order_rate_constant; kd_b2p=0.15; real ka_sbf first_order_rate_constant; ka_sbf=0.38; real epsilon_sbf_n2 dimensionless; epsilon_sbf_n2=2; real epsilon_sbf_n3 dimensionless; epsilon_sbf_n3=10; real epsilon_sbf_b5 dimensionless; epsilon_sbf_b5=2; real ki_sbf_v1 first_order_rate_constant; ki_sbf_v1=0.6; real ki_sbf_v2 first_order_rate_constant; ki_sbf_v2=8; real kd1_c1 first_order_rate_constant; kd1_c1=0.01; real kd2_c1 first_order_rate_constant; kd2_c1=1; real Jd2_c1 dimensionless; Jd2_c1=0.05; real epsilon_c1_n2 dimensionless; epsilon_c1_n2=0.06; real epsilon_c1_n3 dimensionless; epsilon_c1_n3=0.3; real epsilon_c1_k2 dimensionless; epsilon_c1_k2=0.03; real epsilon_c1_b5 dimensionless; epsilon_c1_b5=0.1; real epsilon_c1_b2 dimensionless; epsilon_c1_b2=0.45; real Jd2_f6 dimensionless; Jd2_f6=0.05; real kd1_f6 first_order_rate_constant; kd1_f6=0.01; real kd2_f6 first_order_rate_constant; kd2_f6=1; real epsilon_f6_n2 dimensionless; epsilon_f6_n2=0.06; real epsilon_f6_n3 dimensionless; epsilon_f6_n3=0.3; real epsilon_f6_k2 dimensionless; epsilon_f6_k2=0.03; real epsilon_f6_b5 dimensionless; epsilon_f6_b5=0.1; real epsilon_f6_b2 dimensionless; epsilon_f6_b2=0.55; real ka_cdh_v1 first_order_rate_constant; ka_cdh_v1=0.01; real ka_cdh_v2 first_order_rate_constant; ka_cdh_v2=0.8; real ki_cdh_v1 first_order_rate_constant; ki_cdh_v1=0.001; real ki_cdh_v2 first_order_rate_constant; ki_cdh_v2=0.08; real epsilon_cdh_n2 dimensionless; epsilon_cdh_n2=0.4; real epsilon_cdh_n3 dimensionless; epsilon_cdh_n3=0.25; real epsilon_cdh_b5 dimensionless; epsilon_cdh_b5=8; real epsilon_cdh_b2 dimensionless; epsilon_cdh_b2=1.2; real Vpp_net(time) first_order_rate_constant; real kpp_net_v1 first_order_rate_constant; kpp_net_v1=0.05; real kpp_net_v2 first_order_rate_constant; kpp_net_v2=3; real PPX(time) dimensionless; when(time=time.min) PPX=0.1232; real Vkp_net(time) first_order_rate_constant; real kkp_net_v1 first_order_rate_constant; kkp_net_v1=0.01; real kkp_net_v2 first_order_rate_constant; kkp_net_v2=0.6; real ks_ppx first_order_rate_constant; ks_ppx=0.1; real Vd_ppx(time) first_order_rate_constant; real kd_ppx_v1 first_order_rate_constant; kd_ppx_v1=0.17; real kd_ppx_v2 first_order_rate_constant; kd_ppx_v2=2; real Jpds dimensionless; Jpds=0.04; real J20_ppx dimensionless; J20_ppx=0.15; real kd1_pds_ first_order_rate_constant; kd1_pds_=0.01; real kd2_pds_ first_order_rate_constant; kd2_pds_=0.2; real kd3_pds_ first_order_rate_constant; kd3_pds_=0.04; real Kez dimensionless; Kez=0.3; real Kez2 dimensionless; Kez2=0.2; // // mass:time=(mass*kg); // Cln2:time=((ks_n2_v1+ks_n2_v2*SBF)*mass-kd_n2*Cln2); // Clb5:time=((ks_b5_v1+ks_b5_v2*MBF)*mass+kd3_c1*C5P+kdi_b5*C5+kd3_f6*F5P+kdi_f5*F5-(Vd_b5+kas_b5*Sic1+kas_f5*Cdc6)*Clb5); // Clb2:time=((ks_b2_v1+ks_b2_v2*Mcm1)*mass+kd3_c1*C2P+kdi_b2*C2+kd3_f6*F2P+kdi_f2*F2-(Vd_b2+kas_b2*Sic1+kas_f2*Cdc6)*Clb2); // Sic1:time=(ks_c1_v1+ks_c1_v2*Swi5+(Vd_b2+kdi_b2)*C2+(Vd_b5+kdi_b5)*C5+kpp_c1*Cdc14*Sic1P-(kas_b2*Clb2+kas_b5*Clb5+Vkp_c1)*Sic1); // Sic1P:time=(Vkp_c1*Sic1-(kpp_c1*Cdc14+kd3_c1)*Sic1P+Vd_b2*C2P+Vd_b5*C5P); // C2:time=(kas_b2*Clb2*Sic1+kpp_c1*Cdc14*C2P-(kdi_b2+Vd_b2+Vkp_c1)*C2); // C5:time=(kas_b5*Clb5*Sic1+kpp_c1*Cdc14*C5P-(kdi_b5+Vd_b5+Vkp_c1)*C5); // C2P:time=(Vkp_c1*C2-(kpp_c1*Cdc14+kd3_c1+Vd_b2)*C2P); // C5P:time=(Vkp_c1*C5-(kpp_c1*Cdc14+kd3_c1+Vd_b5)*C5P); // Cdc6:time=(ks_f6_v1+ks_f6_v2*Swi5+ks_f6_v3*SBF+(Vd_b2+kdi_f2)*F2+(Vd_b5+kdi_f5)*F5+kpp_f6*Cdc14*Cdc6P-(kas_f2*Clb2+kas_f5*Clb5+Vkp_f6)*Cdc6); // Cdc6P:time=(Vkp_f6*Cdc6-(kpp_f6*Cdc14+kd3_f6)*Cdc6P+Vd_b2*F2P+Vd_b5*F5P); // F2:time=(kas_f2*Clb2*Cdc6+kpp_f6*Cdc14*F2P-(kdi_f2+Vd_b2+Vkp_f6)*F2); // Pds1:time=(ks_pds_+ks1_pds_*SBF+ks2_pds_*Mcm1+kdi_esp*PE-(Vd_pds+kas_esp*Esp1)*Pds1); // Esp1:time=((-1)*kas_esp*Pds1*Esp1+(kdi_esp+Vd_pds)*PE); // ORI:time=(ks_ori*(epsilon_ori_b5*Clb5+epsilon_ori_b2*Clb2)-kd_ori*ORI); // BUD:time=(ks_bud*(epsilon_bud_n2*Cln2+epsilon_bud_n3*Cln3+epsilon_bud_b5*Clb5)-kd_bud*BUD); // SPN:time=(ks_spn*Clb2/(was_Jspn+Clb2)-kd_spn*SPN); // G_sbf=(2*Ji_sbf*Va_sbf/(Vi_sbf+Ja_sbf*Vi_sbf+Ji_sbf*Va_sbf+sqrt((Vi_sbf+Ja_sbf*Vi_sbf+Ji_sbf*Va_sbf-Va_sbf)^2-4*(Vi_sbf-Va_sbf)*Ji_sbf*Va_sbf)-Va_sbf)); // G_mcm=(2*Ji_mcm*ka_mcm*Clb2/(ki_mcm+Ja_mcm*ki_mcm+Ji_mcm*ka_mcm*Clb2+sqrt((ki_mcm+Ja_mcm*ki_mcm+Ji_mcm*ka_mcm*Clb2-ka_mcm*Clb2)^2-4*(ki_mcm-ka_mcm*Clb2)*Ji_mcm*ka_mcm*Clb2)-ka_mcm*Clb2)); // SBF=MBF; MBF=G_sbf; // Mcm1=G_mcm; // Cln3=(C0*Dn3*mass/(Jn3+Dn3*mass)); // Bck2=(B0*mass); // Clb5_T=(Clb5+C5+C5P+F5+F5P); // Clb2_T=(Clb2+C2+C2P+F2+F2P); // Sic1_T=(Sic1+Sic1P+C2+C2P+C5+C5P); // F5:time=(kas_f5*Clb5*Cdc6+kpp_f6*Cdc14*F5P-(kdi_f5+Vd_b5+Vkp_f6)*F5); // F2P:time=(Vkp_f6*F2-(kpp_f6*Cdc14+kd3_f6+Vd_b2)*F2P); // F5P:time=(Vkp_f6*F5-(kpp_f6*Cdc14+kd3_f6+Vd_b5)*F5P); // Swi5_T:time=(ks_swi_v1+ks_swi_v2*Mcm1-kd_swi*Swi5_T); // Swi5:time=(ks_swi_v1+ks_swi_v2*Mcm1+ka_swi*Cdc14*(Swi5_T-Swi5)-(kd_swi+ki_swi*Clb2)*Swi5); // APC_P:time=(ka_apc*Clb2*(1-APC_P)/(Ja_apc+1-APC_P)-ki_apc*APC_P/(Ji_apc+APC_P)); // Cdc20_T:time=(ks_20_v1+ks_20_v2*Mcm1-kd_20*Cdc20_T); // Cdc20_A:time=((ka_20_v1+ka_20_v2*APC_P)*(Cdc20_T-Cdc20_A)-(kmad2+kd_20)*Cdc20_A); // Cdh1_T:time=(ks_cdh-kd_cdh*Cdh1_T); // Cdh1:time=(ks_cdh+Va_cdh*(Cdh1_T-Cdh1)/(Ja_cdh+Cdh1_T-Cdh1)-(kd_cdh*Cdh1+Vi_cdh*Cdh1/(Ji_cdh+Cdh1))); // Tem1:time=(klte1*(Tem1_T-Tem1)/(Ja_tem+Tem1_T-Tem1)-kbub2*Tem1/(Ji_tem+Tem1)); // Cdc15:time=((ka_15_v1*(Tem1_T-Tem1)+ka_15_v2*Tem1+ka_15_v3*Cdc14)*(Cdc15_T-Cdc15)-ki_15*Cdc15); // Cdc14_T:time=(ks_14-kd_14*Cdc14_T); // Cdc14:time=(ks_14+kd_net*(RENT+RENTP)+kdi_rent*RENT+kdi_rentp*RENTP-(kd_14*Cdc14+(kas_rent*Net1+kas_rentp*Net1P)*Cdc14)); // Net1_T:time=(ks_net-kd_net*Net1_T); // Cdc6_T=(Cdc6+Cdc6P+F2+F2P+F5+F5P); // CKI_T=(Sic1_T+Cdc6_T); // RENTP=(Cdc14_T-(RENT+Cdc14)); // Net1P=(Net1_T+Cdc14-(Net1+Cdc14_T)); // PE=(Esp1_T-Esp1); // Vd_b5=(kd_b5_v1+kd_b5_v2*Cdc20_A); // Vd_b2=(kd_b2_v1+kd_b2_v2*Cdh1+kd_b2p*Cdc20_A); // Va_sbf=(ka_sbf*(epsilon_sbf_n2*Cln2+epsilon_sbf_n3*(Cln3+Bck2)+epsilon_sbf_b5*Clb5)); // Vi_sbf=(ki_sbf_v1+ki_sbf_v2*Clb2); // Vkp_c1=(kd1_c1+kd2_c1*(epsilon_c1_n3*Cln3+epsilon_c1_k2*Bck2+epsilon_c1_n2*Cln2+epsilon_c1_b5*Clb5+epsilon_c1_b2*Clb2)/(Jd2_c1+Sic1_T)); // Vkp_f6=(kd1_f6+kd2_f6*(epsilon_f6_n3*Cln3+epsilon_f6_k2*Bck2+epsilon_f6_n2*Cln2+epsilon_f6_b5*Clb5+epsilon_f6_b2*Clb2)/(Jd2_f6+Cdc6_T)); // Va_cdh=(ka_cdh_v1+ka_cdh_v2*Cdc14); // Vi_cdh=(ki_cdh_v1+ki_cdh_v2*(epsilon_cdh_n3*Cln3+epsilon_cdh_n2*Cln2+epsilon_cdh_b5*Clb5+epsilon_cdh_b2*Clb2)); // Vpp_net=(kpp_net_v1+kpp_net_v2*PPX); // Vkp_net=((kkp_net_v1+kkp_net_v2*Cdc15)*mass); // Net1:time=(ks_net+kd_14*RENT+kdi_rent*RENT+Vpp_net*Net1P-(kd_net*Net1+kas_rent*Cdc14*Net1+Vkp_net*Net1)); // RENT:time=(kas_rent*Cdc14*Net1+Vpp_net*RENTP-((kd_14+kd_net)*RENT+kdi_rent*RENT+Vkp_net*RENT)); // PPX:time=(ks_ppx-Vd_ppx*PPX); // Vd_ppx=(kd_ppx_v1+kd_ppx_v2*(J20_ppx+Cdc20_A)*Jpds/(Jpds+Pds1)); // Vd_pds=(kd1_pds_+kd2_pds_*Cdc20_A+kd3_pds_*Cdh1); // kmad2=(if ((ORI>1) and (SPN<1)) (8 first_order_rate_constant) else (.01 first_order_rate_constant)); kbub2=(if ((ORI>1) and (SPN<1)) (1 first_order_rate_constant) else (.2 first_order_rate_constant)); klte1=(if ((SPN>1) and (Clb2>Kez)) (1 first_order_rate_constant) else (.1 first_order_rate_constant)); }